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Some problems of correspondences in Mongolian and Chinese terminologies
 

 

There is a word Mongoloid race in the “Britannicaencyclopedic dictionary.      Монголойдная раса” –Russian equivalent of it is exactly similar to Mongolian arisu.

  Ocean of words “Chi hai”- Chinese dictionary says that Mongoloid race is the name of one subdivision of mankind which is called yellow race. Science divides mankind three races such as black white and yellow. Those dictionaries call yellow race people by  the name of Mongolian skin color it attests to the impact of our ancestries in the history of humanity. Mongolian word arisu was adopted into the English and Russian vocabularies long and long time ago. According to some people who tried to represent something by the current situationyellow race people could be represented something by the current situationyellow race people could be represent by the Chinese who are many or by Japanese who have economic power.

  But it was not so. The reason of it is that the subdivision of mankind is a witness of ancient time and a history of civilization and culture of our ancestry

  The origin of race is confirmed as Mongolian word in many dictionaries of IndiaChinaAfghanistanArabTurkey HungaryRussia Japan and Korea.

  The certain words still employed in the present vocabulary of Indians which can be understood by the good Mongolian linguists. This is a vestige of our ancient cultural magnitude. It is the witness how our culture and civilization was.

  At present our native language is seriously broken because of the absence of the act and regulations on native tongue.

  Earlier Russian language was predominating over the native tongue in the previous time.

  Now Russian is replaced by English. At present it is pleasant to say that young people are interested in foreign language more than before. At this crucial period it is very significant that our native tongue should not be subjected to or be assimilated into foreign language.  It is very easy to notice or see the strong influence of foreign language in Mongolia by listening to radio watching televisionreading newspapers and seeing street addresses and advertising. If you read a sentence composed of eight wordsthe fine of them are foreign wordsthe five of them are foreign words. Our leaders and newspapers started employing a word globalization. There are many people who think that anything on earth can be global. But there are many things are not to be global. One of them is national language. If we globalize our languagewhat kind of distinction can be remained?  If we want to translate this word into Mongolian we can find several Mongoliawe can find several Mongolian correspondent words. Unfortunately some people want to be in vogue by saying foreign words in their vocabulary. It is not voguesome scholars and translators translated this wordbut the newspapers do not employ it. This is translated into Chinese as “quan qui xing”(全球性); it means “даяржуулах” Mongolian. This demonstrated us good example. So Chinese experience to translate foreign words can be good example for Mongolia.

  Now bossbondstressshocklobby hobbyfantariff disco laser and others are employed in current Mongolian. These words already have been translated into Chinese. We have sufficient words for those foreign words. But at present we feel absence of policy and leadership to deal with those.

  There are frequently articles in Chinese newspaper against the penetration of foreign wordseven China has over trillion human population. For example Chinese influential newspaper ”Guan nin ri bao” published article what is the use of inserting foreign words in Chinese sentence on 24th of October in 1995.

  This article strongly criticized the use of the

abridgements of T.V.C.HCCTV; and so on .The article says that the language rule is related to the coming generationso it was impossible to be silent. It is important to have act on language and new regulations to defend native tongue. In such manner the Chinese pay attention to make their native tongue pure.

  But Mongolia has a small human population. We are in a need to defend our native tongue not to be subjected to the influence of strong foreign language. We agree with the international standard of terminology. If we do not have exact standard concept there will be some problems. We employ ББХК or ХХК when I look at English version it is company limited. Our use is thatББХК is company with half responsibility andХХК is company with limited responsibility. Real meaning of company limited is that there is something limited for company by the Chinese translation. “ you xianwu xian”

  We use holding and concern. Whether they are employed by another countries or not? We have a ministry named infrastructure according to Mongolian translation. This ministry is secondary significant. In deed it is the most important one for economic development.  According to the Chinese translation. it means not secondary but primary important. So it can be ministry of basic construction.

  There are many people who think that there are no foreign words in Chinese. It is false. Yes there are many foreign words in Chinese vocabulary. In china they employ foreign words in Chinese vocabulary. In china they employ foreign words when they have no exact correspondence for those foreign words. They employ foreign words. For example Coca-Colagolftractor combines Karaoke and so on.

  In China they have such method. They employ foreign words with Chinese equivalentswhich are in parenthesis. They remove the parenthesis and foreign words when people are able are able to understand the translation. In china they transliterate foreign words. Then they remove these words when they find out appropriate terms. Then they remove these words when they find out appropriate terms. This kind of method is enrichment of Chinese vocabulary. In Mongolia we found out Mongolian accepted term. Operator (in Russian sense) became Mongolian term zuraglaachi. There is a law in every country to put on the exported goods instructionswhich explainedin the native language of country to import. If we do not them we maybe in a debt by violation the term of trade contract. This case is the same in Japan or Korea or in China.

  Now Mongolia is open and needs to export various materials. So we need to find exact correspondence for foreign word at least for internationally accepted concept of trade.

  In Chinese they translate Mongolian terms of milk and cream. Шар  тос “huang you” (黄油) is in Chinese суун тос “nai you”(奶油) in Chinese еремний тос “nai pi you” (奶皮油) in Chinese.

  In Mongolia we employed Russian word пиво. It means beer. For recent period it is translated as yellow ferment milk. It is totally wrong. Beer is produced form yeast not form milk. Beer can be translated a yellow yeast in Mongolia. When Mongolia and China  were claimed as socialist campit we both used new words such as       хиймэл  дагуул and сансарт нисгэгч

  They were exact correspondences in each language. It is worthy of mentioning.

  So I came to the conclusions:

1.       We must take of Chinese preference as an example not to take foreign word as it is.

2.       We must revive the former experiences to find out exact correspondences in Chinese and Mongolian

3.       It is urgent need for Mongolia to have ace national language because of the lack in the national language policy of government. 

 
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Some methodological problems of Mongolian terminology
  Some problems of correspondences in Mongolian and Chinese terminologies  
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